The Duke of Delirium: Duke Orsino Analyzed Through Structuralism

Orsino, the Duke of Delirium: Why Our Leaders Will Never Be Self-Aware Shakespeare adorns Orsino, the Duke of Illyria, with numerous character faults: narcissism, capriciousness, impatience; even Olivia finds the Duke repulsive in his â€Å"embassy† (1. 5), and Feste dubs him â€Å"a foolish wit† (1. 5). It is not until Viola enters that Orsino is painted in a new brighter light, and even then, the Duke acts entitled, shallow, and overly masculine (2. 4). Although â€Å"Twelfth Night† is not a tragedy, Orsino’s circumstance is tragic. He is trapped in a vicious hierarchy: a noble wall that separates him from others, protecting his off-putting persona. Because of his status, citizens cannot communicate to him his flaws. Because they cannot communicate, he is left stagnant at the end of the play. When analyzed via structuralism, Orsino’s character articulates the Ur Code that all noble men, protected by a thriving kingdom, act entitled and superior. Interestingly enough, the opposition: ‘Orsino’s perception of self’ verses ‘Other’s perception of Orsino’ (shown below) displays the only common attribute shared between the personal view and the outsider’s view of Orsino: nobility. While this may seem obvious, it explains the lack of communication between the governed and Orsino. The title, â€Å"Duke,† ultimately determines all of the opinions, and also prevents the presentation of these faults to Orsino. When it comes to Orsino, the fact that he holds power is what makes him feel entitled to constant entertainment from Feste, undying love from Olivia, and continuous approval from those he rules. Orsino is oblivious to his changeability and narcissism, which develops the irony of this situation. Orsino’s Perception of Orsino| Illyria’s Perception of Orsino| Great lover/ Romantic | Impatient | Constant | Fickle | Noble | Noble | Masculine | Insincere | Entitled/ Superior | Vainglorious/ Narcissistic| Shakespeare may have inserted this irony into â€Å"Twelfth Night† to further the theme ‘He/She is not what it appears. ’ In the same way as Viola is perceived as a man, but is really a woman, Orsino is perceived as a jerk, but considers himself brilliant. The only difference is that Viola’s perception of self is correct and Orsino’s is incorrect†¦that is, if we are allowed to judge! This question, perhaps, is the largest piece of Shakespeare’s message. The constant switches between gender (Viola/ Cesario), standing (Feste/ Sir Topas), and identity (Sebastian/ Viola) turn the audience’s perceptions upside down and make us question simple things like whether Orsino is good or bad. The Duke wins the heart of Viola in the end, but remains a stagnant ruler. Though they are to be married, he still views himself as being in control of her: â€Å"And since you call’d me master for so long,/Here is my hand: you shall from this time be/Your master’s mistress† (5. ). A female ruler would never have this level of authority, for it is not considered dignified or proper, further proving the point that only males in power possess an overwhelming sense of entitlement. Male entitlement, sadly, is a pattern established in many other portrayals of leaders from Caesar to King George III. Our culture and hierarchies prevent accurate communication, leaving rulers in a state of delirium, a state which Shakespeare’s play s intended for us to be in all along.

Disclosure issues- voluntary versus mandatory

Now a day’s most of the companies are trying to find out ways to attract as much capital as possible. With the continuation to wards market globalisation the urge to introduce harmonise global accounting standards have been increased. In order to attract larger amount of capital in the different regions of the world it is important for the companies to present the information in the financial statements, which is understandable by a diverse group of people. Most of the world organisations are trying to find out ways towards the general standards.The formation of IASC in 1973, was the result of such efforts by different countries including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, UK and US. This international body has issued more than 30 International Accounting Standards and has given a general presentation of the framework of the preparation and information availability of information in the financial statements. Although the organisation has adopted English as its formal language but the standards are translated into many other languages used in the world to make them understandable by as many people as possible.The main hindrance in the way of the use of common standards between the nations is that they are not legally imposed. The use of International Accounting Standards is a voluntary act of the countries. (Taylor & Pincus, 2002; p. 39) 2. Definition of Risk: Smith (1999) defines risk as a decision expressed by a range or possible outcomes with attached probabilities. When there is a range of possible outcomes but no assumed probabilities, there is only uncertainty (ibid. ).Hertz & Thomas (1984) have suggested that â€Å". Risk means uncertainty and the results of uncertainty†¦ risk refers to a lack of predictability about problem structure, outcomes or consequences in a decision or planning situation. † Risk is defined, as a bad notion is the most important stimulants for life. Uncertainty, far from being a symptom of im perfection, is in fact a natural property of economics, indeed, probably of all life systems . . .. Uncertainty is the name of the game in the service economy. (Giarini, 2000)According to (Feynman, 1998) it is in the admission of ignorance and the admission of uncertainty that there is hope for the continuous motion of human beings in some direction that doesn't get confined, permanently blocked, as it has so many times before in various periods in the history of man. † Adams (1995) defines risk as the â€Å"balancing act† in which the actors â€Å"balance the expected rewards of their actions against the perceived costs of failure† in a world in which both it and our perceptions of it are constantly being transformed by our effect on the world and its effect on us.In a ISO/TMB Risk Management Terminology Paper (1999) risk is defined as combination of the probability of an event and its negative or positive consequences,† The royal Society (1983) defined ri sk as â€Å"a particular adverse event occurs during a stated period of time, or results from a particular challenge. † Importance of Risk Disclosure: Murphy (1999) sees Financial reporting and financial statements in particular can be thought of as a lens through which one could view a business.Financial reporting provides a broader view of the business than that provided by financial statements only. In other words, financial reporting encompassed financial statements, but it is not limited to financial statements. It is assumed that by providing information that meets the needs of investors and creditors, the company also meet the information needs of other external parties, it would be able to provide superior information if it treated each potential group of external users separately and prepared different information for each group.This approach is impractical, however, and the company instead out for preparing what is referred to as general-purpose information that we believe is useful to multiple user groups. With the change in the economic environment the list of factors of production has included intangible assets such as information and knowledge. The intangible assets are replacing the old sets of assets. â€Å"In order to keep on delivering profits the business must keep on investing in different projects in order to improve their organizational capabilities.These investments improve the capabilities of the business to respond to the customer demands, the external contacts of business reduces the risks attached to the products, internal integration improve the productivity of organization continuous experimenting not only improve the value creation but also enhance the image of the organization in business. These investments are very important for the businesses to survive it is necessary to measure the cost, inventory, space and quality savings measured by traditional capital budgeting systems.Most of the traditional accounting techniques measure the future flow of income by undertaking an investment which is not easy to calculate since the stream of income is expected to increase in future and the managers cannot decide to assign the right value to the future benefit. Rather than that it is easier to the calculate investment. This is due to the difficulty the future organisation face in calculating the future benefits; most organisations normally do not undertake new investments. (Enterweb, 2005)The use of intangible assets has created difficulties on the other hand also. People believe in what they see. The process of interaction of ideas and assets has been revolutionised. Developing trust and understanding with stakeholders is very important in order to turn knowledge in value. Today, the companies are required to report the performances not only on financial basis but also should under cover the issues such as vision, strategy, risks, value drivers, KPIs etc.The founders of the Global Association of Risk Profes sionals (GARP), Lev Borodovsky and Marc Lore, wrote in Risk Professional, â€Å"no matter what types of methods are used, the key to risk management is delivering risk information, in a timely and succinct fashion, while ensuring that key decision makers have the time, the tools, and the incentive to act upon it. † (Lev & Lore, 1997) Externally reported financial information is largely historical in nature. It looks back in time and reports the results of events and transaction that already have occurred.While historical information is very useful in assessing the future, the information itself is more about the past than it is about the future. A comparison of the historical trends with the future trends can be found helpful in better understanding of the information by the shareholders and other related people. (Financial Economists Roundtable, 1996) The improvement in public scrutiny and controlled market discipline is largely dependent upon the meaningful and accurate dis closure of information.This not only helps the shareholders but also helps the organisation to conduct business in a safe and efficient manner by achieving their targets through improving their risk management processes. The researchers find many gaps in the appropriate disclosure of risk by the organisations. Many surveys have been conducted, a wide variety of studies and interviews from the information users and shareholders have pointed out towards gaps in the currently disclosed information. The demand of provision of accurate and timely information is increasing.Business reporting effect people from every work of life an effective allocation of resources strengthens an economy by promoting productivity, innovations and an efficient and liquid market. Adequate information plays an important role in reporting the risks and opportunities of investing in business venture. To make effective decisions people need accurate information. The completeness and timeliness of information en hances the probability of taking the most appropriate decisions by the investors.Perhaps the foremost social and ethical responsibility levied upon private and public organisation in recent decades is the adoption of fair and just accounting practices. This responsibility is being increasingly codified in laws and various accounting standards. Its influence is becoming increasingly pervasive through a constant series of new and improved standards as well as steady enlargement in the size and scope of administering agencies.The voluntary disclosure of information by the companies will lead to the competitive advantage for the company in the market and will provide help to gain enormous amounts of capital all over the world. US Regulations for Risk disclosure: The US GAAP was founded in 1930 after one year of the historical depression in the US stock market in 1929. Till 1934 the companies kept on disclosing the information voluntarily. SEC was established in 1934 with the authority t o establish the accounting standards but also to make sure that these standards are used in the preparation of the disclosures.Since the issue was very complex the private sector also started assisting the SEC in 1938 in order to settle the accounting standards. The most important and unique characteristic of the US GAAP is that its strength is tested in the market in which retail investors with banks and entrepreneurs invest. Now FASB is responsible to set US accounting standards. The ultimate responsibility of protecting the interest of the financial information users lies on SEC and it is fulfilling its functions since decades by constantly forming and developing set of accounting standards according to changing needs.A history of 70 years of interpretation and implementation of US GAAP in different industries has make it one of the most reliable and applicable set of standards. This application of 70 years has helped the accounting practitioners and professionals in filling the gaps and flaws in these standards which has not make them perfect but improved their reliability and tested their strength. The main hurdle in the way of adoption of IFRS for US is that the application and strength of IFRS is not tested for as long as the US GAAP.IFRS are relatively newly developed as compare to US GAAP. The decision to change the US GAAP into the IFRS cannot be taken in a snapshot the process will be time taking, as a huge change is needed to be brought. The EU adoption of the IFRS was very steady and easier as compare to the US. This is because the unification of 25 countries in a union with different economic, cultural and social background is a big task in itself hence the change of accounting standards is a relatively important but small part of it.Despite all the differences in the financial market environment the U. S see the implementation of the IFRS as an opportunity to implement and introduce the better standards to improve the creditors accessibility. Th e process of convergence has started of the U. S GAAP in the IFRS, which will come to success if mutual consensus will be developed. The cutting edge IFRS has that they have prepared by the most experienced and brilliant accounting professionals but has a negative point of not having a long history of implementation and strength testing.International Accounting Standards: In the January of the year 2006 the accounts of all the listed companies shifted to the International Financial Reporting Standards. Under the International Financial Reporting standards all the listed companies should present their fair information regarding the company’s financial position, performance and cash flows. Despite the pressure from the International accounting agencies, some of the Governments are still reluctant to impose International accounting standards in their stock markets.Although there are big differences in the accounting standards in most of the economies of the world but the main ai m of all the accounting systems is to ensure fair and transparent corporate governance and financial reporting. The adoption of the International standards will lead to decrease in the accounting scandals and increase the adoption of common standard all over the world. Conclusion: Degree of Information varies largely from institution to institution. The amount of information made available to the shareholders largely depends upon the volume of financial instruments and the type of financial instruments used by the company.It is estimated that the shareholders of a financial institution is more required to have the risk related information as compare to that of the shareholder of an industrial company. Financial risks are the important part of the financial business operations on the other hands it is generally a by-product of an industrial company’s daily business. At the very minimum, a company should keep shareholders informed about the types of financial instruments used a nd their purposes.It must make a distinction between instruments that are used for hedging and those that are not, as well as the relevant accounting policies. It should disclose the notional principal of these instruments, their maturity, cash requirements, market value and credit risk. It should also tell shareholders how the firm monitors the values of these instruments. Where possible, firms should also disclose the firm’s market risks; if quantitative information is not possible then a qualitative discussion should be included. (13 Questions on Risk Management)

Christianity and Time Period Essay

Christianity had a big impact on Europe culturally, economically, and politically through the 600 to 1750 C. E. time period. Christianity during these time periods had great many changes but also had a variety of continuities that were alike as well. The Christian faith through this time period in Europe went through multiple reforms. Reforms such as the Protestant Reformation, led by Martin Luther, had a severe impact on the Catholic Church and Christians everywhere in Europe. Also the change of the political power of the papacy and the effect it also had on Europe’s economy. Culturally Christianity had a big impact on Europe, seeing as almost everyone in that region considered themselves Christians. Christianity during the 600’s was on the rise and this caused various different forms of ideas of what people thought Christianity was. Most Christians in the 600’s to the 1500’s were Catholics and the Catholic Church had clear power in Europe politically and economically. Of course, this all started to change around 1517 when Martin Luther published â€Å"The Ninety-Five Thesis† that got people thinking about the downfalls of the church and the reasons to join the Protestant Church during this time period which effected European culture in such a short period of time because of one man’s attempt to overthrow the Catholic Church in Europe in the 1500’s. This split between the Christians led to European Wars of Religion in the 1600’s that eventually ended and came to peace with the â€Å"Peace of Westphalia†. Despite the ending of the wars Europe’s Church was still split in two and caused many changes in Europe culturally. Although there were a great many changes in Europe’s culture there was also a continuity that kept these three time periods alike. This continuity was the fact that despite all of these obstacles that the Catholic Church and the Christians face over the 600 to 1750 time period they still kept going and stayed intact because of the love of culture and religion in Europe during this time period. Economically Christianity affected Europe in a variety a different ways.

The Life, Work and Influence of Brunel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Life, Work and Influence of Brunel - Essay Example Brunel was born in Hampshire in the year 1806. He was sent to France so that his earlier education could be completed in a good manner. At the age of 20, he was given the post of chief assistant engineer at the Thames Tunnel, which was proclaimed as his father’s greatest achievements. This Thames Tunnel runs between Wapping and Rotherhithe on a river. Brunel worked for a couple of years nearly to create a tunnel under the London’s River Thames, which had tunnellers driving along a shaft which ran in a horizontal fashion from one side of Thames River to another and this was made difficult by extremely demanding conditions which were met all through this way. His father was the chief engineer of this piece of architecture which was later to become a hallmark of courage and state of the art engineering. The composition of the river bed was such that it was filled with water logged sediments and gravels at the Rotherhithe edge plus the difficult conditions added up towards the tunneling machine’s problems since the work required a great deal of courage and determination was hazard was written large on the face of it, right from the beginning. Because of these very reasons, the tunnel was often expected to fall down on its own instable trunks but it was to the management’s considerable thinking that they allowed sp ectators to view it from a lower angle. The workers really had a very incomprehensible time at the time of building up this piece of engineering since in those times Thames was a little better than an open sewer as it contained foul smell with contaminated water running all over it.

Synthesis Paper Nature Themed Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Synthesis Nature Themed - Term Paper Example Moreover, as the analysis will indicate, the authors both use a level of subtle persuasion via exquisite description to engage the reader with the ultimate take-away that their respective pieces exhibit. Edward Abbey’s â€Å"The Serpents of Paradise†, describes a very rural and natural environment that is only punctuated by man’s presence within the story. As the author looks out over the rough and natural landscape, he is made aware of the fact that nature springs from all corners and would otherwise forget that he was even in the story should he not make his presence known. Although a great deal of the story centers around the interplay that takes place between the author, the rattlesnake, and the gopher snakes, the ultimate point that is exhibited over and over again is the fact that the environment itself is practically oblivious to his presence. Although unstated, what this serves to impress upon the reader is the way in which mankind is merely like every ot her naturally occurring plant or species, limited, finite, and soon to pass out of existence. Such a realization is further impressed upon the reader by the fact that the nature in Abbey’s story is, unless disturbed or made aware of his presence, completely oblivious to the fact that he exists in the first place. This serves to impress upon the reader a further level of appreciation for the processes and exposition of life within the natural world due to the fact that these representations are so unaware of humanity’s impact that it is and should remain up to the human guardians of such habitats to ensure that no harm or disruption comes to the creatures that dwell within it and call it home. Such a representation of live and let live is of course referenced with regards to the way in which Edward Abbey deals with the rattlesnake at his back door steps. Says Abbey, â€Å"There’s a revolver inside the trailer, a huge British Webley .45, loaded, but it’s o ut of reach. Even if I had it in my hands I’d hesitate to blast a fellow creature at such close range†¦it would be like murder† (CITE). This representation of such a passive approach to the environment and its right to coexist peacefully in a habitat invaded by humans is a point that Abbey discusses throughout the course of his brief short story (Luke 173). In much a similar and comparable way, the needs of the environment and nature to continue on unabated in the processes that they have engaged in since the beginning biological life is illustrated by Linda Hogan in her piece entitled, â€Å"Walking†. In much a comparable way to Abbey, Hogan spends the bulk of her analysis describing the natural landscape that greets her eyes as a result of the walk that she takes around the property she has come to call home. In this way, many of the same reverences for nature and the role that it plays, ignorant of the sheer existence of humanity, is brought to the reader ’s attention. Says Hogan, â€Å"In this one plant, in one summer season, a drama of need and survival took place. Hungers were filled. Insects coupled. There was escape, exhaustion, and death. Lives touched down a moment and were gone†

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Geology - Essay Example The calcites are usually transparent or opaque and have traces of phosphorescence and/or fluorescence hence when used to view objects, they appear double. This is why its use for optical purposes. It occurs naturally owing to the marine decomposition of hard planktons like red algae, echinoderms, and sponges and it is found in limestone, volcanic, kimberlites, sedimentary or peridotites. It is used especially in military for in gun sights .It has also agricultural uses like stabilization of soil and concrete repair. Marcasite or white iron pyrite is a product of iron (Fe) and sulphur (s), to form Iron sulfide (Fes3). It has black metallic appearance and changes to brown or yellowish color. Its occurrence is primary or secondary in nature. Primarily, it occurs in highly acidic and with low temperatures conditions, mainly on sedimentary rocks or hydrothermal veins. In secondary, it is formed on alteration of chemicals of a parent mineral such as chalcopyrite. It reacts in high humidity to form iron (II) suphate and sulphuric acid. It is used mainly used for ornamental purposes and a source of sulphur. Galena is the natural form of the mineral lead sulphide and is the main ore for both silver and lead. It is also called lead glances and distributed widely on the sulphide minerals. It is mainly used to make lead- acid batteries, lead sheets and

Emirates Airline Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emirates Airline - Research Paper Example However, no matter how strong an organization is, it must continually scan the external environment for various threats and opportunities that can highly affect the business for the coming years. In a SWOT analysis, opportunities are defined as external factors that can increase the profitability of a business. In the case of Emirates Air it can mean arrival of new technologies, unfulfilled customer need, loosening of regulations or socio-cultural change. One great opportunity for Emirates is to expand its services to regions such as other places in Africa. After expanding in Tanzania, it has captured the market because of its strength in customer service. This opens many opportunities to create more destinations in Africa. Another opportunity for Emirates Air is to strengthen its cargo services which can provide the company additional income. Since it was voted as â€Å"Best Air Cargo Carrier â€Å" at the 2010 IFW Awards, this presents an opportunity to create more business for the company to provide a total package for its clientele. Having a more efficient process could mean competitive pricing which is again one great opportunity for the carrier. Another great opportunity that Emirates Air is currently exploring is its active participation in the campaign for aviation liberalization. Liberalization of additional air traffic routes â€Å"could increase traffic by 63%. This could create 24.1 million additional jobs and generate an additional US$490 billion  Ã¢â‚¬Å"which is why Emirates Air is exploring this opportunity. Lastly, a very good opportunity that Emirates Air has started tapping is the use of green energy. Green energy has already slashed the cost of fuel prices and better green fuel alternatives coming up in the future would highly benefit this company since it had already constructed a carbon neutral warehouse (p.11, 2009-2010 Annual Report).In conclusion, there are many avenues of

The Experiment That Use Heat Loss plus Heat Gain of a Given Substance Lab Report

The Experiment That Use Heat Loss plus Heat Gain of a Given Substance and Also the Given Phenomenon of Specific Heat in the Laboratory - Lab Report Example The paper tells that a mass of a given metal block got weighed then a piece of twine like 30 cm long became attached to it. Then the block became lowered into a steam boiler. The boiler then had half filled water.   As the water got heated to boil, the mass of an empty calorimeter got measured. The calorimeter got filled two-thirds with water that was several degrees colder compared to room temperature. Then the mass of both water and calorimeter became measured. In the experiment, an outer cap became placed around the calorimeter to prevent heat loss from it when it becomes warmer than room temperature. In the experiment, the two metals used became copper and Iron. The mass of copper and iron became 269.53g and 230.80g respectively upon weighing. The mass of calorimeter used became 46.13g. The mass of calorimeter added water for Iron was slightly more than that of copper. In starting with an original temperature for the calorimeter plus water at 21.9 degrees, in dipping the blocks of metal, the final temperature dipped with copper became 30.4 degrees while for iron became 30.1 degrees. In calculating the specific heat of solid for the two experiments, an error of 0.006cal/g-degrees became found for copper while an error of 0.003cal/g-degrees became recorded for Iron. Therefore, iron recorded a percentage error of 2.86% from the accepted value while copper recorded a percentage error of 6.45%.

Solar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Solar - Essay Example nditions%2Fcq5dam.web.460.306.jpeg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.undp.org%2Fcontent%2Fundp%2Fen%2Fhome%2Fourwork%2Fenvironmentandenergy%2Fsuccessstories%2Fnepal--expanding-access-to-renewable-energy&h=306&w=460&tbnid=4gpPhF-p7HgfXM%3A&zoom=1&docid=V9tZ_mhngIfnxM&ei=Gp13VILWFYiVuATRyIBQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CFcQMyhPME84ZA&iact=rc&uact=3&dur=1131&page=16&start=173&ndsp=13 Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=solar+energy+project+in+nepal&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=faR3VJSuJI2-uASDxoF4&ved=0CAkQ_AUoAg&biw=1024&bih=499#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=jWZR0Tizu69eqM%253A%3Bd91rPI8qOlmokM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.dit.ie%252Fditfoundation%252Fmedia%252Fditfoundation%252FSolar%252520Panels%252520-%252520Page.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.dit.ie%252Fditfoundation%252Fseetheresults%252Fdittravelscholarshipinrenewableenergy%252F2013scholarsblogfromnepal%252Fgettingtheworkdoneinnepal%252F%3B400%3B257 The project will need both skilled and non-skilled labor. For the skilled labor, the project requires three skilled electrical artisans. The artisans will help in making house lighting connections and direct the non-skilled laborers. The other workers will be sourced among the villagers and provide them with training on how to take care and maintain the project in the future. They can, however, enquire for skilled artisans if complex problems surface. As indicated earlier, the transport system of Sandikohla is at a very dilapidated state. Transporting project materials by road to the village is challenging. Materials from town to the village will be transported using a truck. VR Kung Factory has trucks that they lend to their customers to transport the materials they buy. The drivers of the trucks also understand the extreme terrain of the area and will know the safe routes to use. Routes with minimal hills and less muddy will be used (â€Å"Ewbchallenge,† 2014). Source:

The Consequences of World War I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Consequences of World War I - Essay Example Although that might not get you a very high grade on a history test, many modern scholars perceive WWII as a continuation of WWI, just after a short reprieve. The First World War is often remembered as one of the bloodiest of wars fought; bloodier than what was experienced during the American Civil War. In fact, it is fair to say that no one is Europe, Asia, and the United States, nor the rest of the world, believed that this war would be so destructive, caused so much death, or last so long (Keylor 1). The events of WWI and those that occurred directly after led to consequences that changed the societal structures, national economies, and, ultimately, led to the start of WWII 20 years later. History Prior to WWI the United States had not been involved in any wars since the turn of the century. Things in Europe were going quite differently. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew of the Austrian Emperor, along with his wife while vacationing had outraged the Austrians. Serbia was held responsible. However, while waiting to be certain that they had the support and backing of Germany, gave the Serbians time to guarantee the backing and support of Russia. War was declared, approximately a month later, in July of 1914. The Central Powers included Germany, Austrio-Hungary, and Turkey opposing the Allies, which included Russia, France, Serbia, Great Britain, Japan, Belgium, and later the United States (Keylor 1). Trench warfare began. However, it was not long before troops and financing began to dwindle. It was not until 1917 that the United States entered and declared war on Germany. This was a direct reaction to the German’s sinking the British Ship the Lusitania, which killed a number of American passengers, and a telegram sent by Germany offering Untied States lands to Mexico if they would join them in opposing the United States. The war would rage throughout until 1919. In total, More than 9 million sailors, soldiers, and pilots were killed, 5 million civilians were caught in the crossfire of war, and then another 7 million men returned home injured and/or permanently disabled. There were also huge costs involved in the length of the world, billions of dollars spent across the 28 different countries (Mintz 1). Discussion The consequences of WWI saw the United States begin to rise as dominate economic and political power in the world, mostly because many of the nations of Europe were so depleted. For Europeans the consequences were quite harsh. The political, economic, and social orders of European society, in some cases, came â€Å"crashing down.† It saw the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Germany, Austrio-Hungary, and Russian empires (Keylor 1). New nations were emerging as borders began to change, ethnic tensions were heightening, and an inability to recover from the losses suffered due to the war. As a response many leaders sought to establish a â€Å"new international system† that would help repair damage in Europe and lead to a more productive future for all of the nations. Delegates from these nations met in Paris, France in 1919 to discuss the â€Å"Treaty of Versailles.† However, the major powers, in the treaty discussions were left to Britain, France, Italy, and the United States. It was during this time that the â€Å"league of Nations† was established which would ideally aid in preventing other armed warfare in the future. Although, Germany felt slighted by the treaty, but did not lose territory and therefore signed the treaty. Also, many felt that the Germans were responsible for the majority of WWI, and therefore cost them dearly. Ultimately, the United State

Television is the most important source of news for young people Essay - 2

Television is the most important source of news for young people today. To what extent do you agree - Essay Example Therefore, television is no longer the most important source of news for the young people. This paper will present an argument on the decrease in the number of young television users and how the means of presenting the news have changed. Firstly, the conventional news on the television has become very unpopular among the young people as the number of skeptics has increased. According to recent polls in the United States, only one in every four Americans believes information they see on the main news channels (Dimmick & Hoplamazian, 2011). This is due to the increase in the number of news sources as well as the improvement in communication between different parts of the world making the one sided nature taken by most news channels very obvious and hence tarnishing their credibility among the citizens. More young people are now turning to alternative media for the news which they believe is less biased and has no interest in brainwashing them (McCombs et al., 2011). There is also the fact that the young population is no longer glued on to the television set like in the past decades. The nature of television whereby individuals have to sit and watch programs in a sequential process is no longer popular as the internet gives viewers the ability to access the exact information and program which they wish to view (Dimmick & Hoplamazian, 2011). There are also several other advantages on the internet which has made television a less popular news source. Individuals can follow different events through social networks. The young population today is extremely active on social networks and the application features that are constantly upgraded make these the ideal platforms for relaying news to the community. In fact all news channels have a page on a popular social network such as Facebook, Twitter or instagram. According to studies there are approximately 760 million daily Facebook users (Broersma &Graham,

The Median Home Price Essay Example for Free

The Median Home Price Essay The median home price in your area has increased in the last 10 years, how does this differ from the mean home price your area?   The mean, which is commonly known as the average, is the sum of numerical coefficients divided by the number of quantity redundancy.  Ã‚   For instance, the mean of numbers 2, 4, 4, 5, 10 is 5, while its median is 4.   The median, on the other hand, is the middle coefficient in a given set of numbers. Given the basic difference of mean and median, it is therefore possible for the median home price to have a greater or lesser value, which is ultimately dependent on the price range in the area.    For instance, if my community is very diverse in terms of economic capacities of the residents, the cheapest home being $50,000 and the most expensive being $1,550,000, then the median home price would be $800,000.   If in this same neighborhood, the number of high-income house is considerably more than lower income house, then the mean or average price can be higher than $800,000; if there is a larger number of low-income houses, then the mean or average price can be lower than $800,000. Mean and median are essentially different measures with different purposes. The mean is the more accurate measure when the spread of pricing is fairly small in terms of range.   If the neighborhood is homogenous in terms of economic profile, then the mean can be used. If there are deviants in price, like very cheap or very expensive houses, which can drastically change the average, then the median is more appropriate to use. In conclusion, the median home price in my area for the past ten years can remain unchanged, while the mean is increasing or decreasing; this can go both ways or simultaneously. What needs to be considered, in determining whether to use the mean or median, is the numerical price spread of the houses.

Evaluation of Balancing Circuits Used in Battery System

Evaluation of Balancing Circuits Used in Battery System CAREER EPISODE 2 2.1 INTRODUCTION My second career episode describes my project that is called Evaluation of balancing circuits used in battery system. This project was completed as a part of my minor thesis in the fulfilment of my masters degree program from Swinburne University of Technology, Australia in December 2016. I completed my masters degree in electrical and electronics engineering science. It was completed under the supervision of Prof. Weixing Shen, senior lecturer at the university. And was also supported by Prof. George Banky. 2.2 BACKGROUND Electric vehicle which operates on battery doesnt operate on a single battery as sufficient energy is not supplied through it. Thus, many batteries that are either connected in series or parallel are required for the generation of required voltage and current for the system to function. The difference in the cell voltage of the stack reduces the string capacity and hence a system is required that will be able to achieve and maintain the voltage and current that is required by the system along with considering the issue of reliability and performance. For this purpose, a BMS is used. Battery Management System (BMS), which can oversee the voltage and the current level and can also charge the battery. 2.3 The main aim and goal behind implementing this project was to design a 48V battery stack power system that consists of 12 lithium ion battery cells. The monitoring and supervision of each cell operation and voltage level and its charging status can be done with the help of LTC3300-1/LTC6803-2 bidirectional cell balancer along with the BMS system. It also considers the safety concern of the batteries that are used. And the other objective behind implementing this project was to understand LTC330-1/LTC6803-2 bidirectional cell balance kits performance along with checking its results based on QuikEval software and DC590B USB serial controller when connected to the computer. 2.4 The idea is to balance the voltage supply of the cells so that it provides constant battery voltage to the shelter of the electric vehicle. The overcharging of the battery results in voltage battery degradation and can have consequences like it may catch fire or explosion. Whereas undercharging of the cell or having voltage under the required level may affect the life of the cells. So, I have made use of lithium ion batteries which are then further connected to LTC3300-1/LTC6803-2 bidirectional cell balancer that would assist in achieving the required voltage level of the cell and it can also help in increasing the life of the cell or battery long with providing the supply voltage of EV. 2.5 The project was completed in a group of two. And I took the opportunity to become the team leader. I first involved with my supervisor in planning the topic and how to start working on the project. Based on that I prepared a flow chart in which all the major task was divided and assigned among team member along with a deadline so that the final project gets completed in time and there will be time for troubleshooting. After deciding the topic and assigning task, I made myself busy with researching and with literature review of the topic by referring various journal, books, and internet material. The later part was designing and implementing the hardware structure along with its software part for its functioning. I had to weekly report to the Professor about my project update and took feedback on my project which helped me improve a lot. Weekly meetings with the supervisor was either done through emails or small presentations. 2.6 PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY I started my project with literature review on cell balancing where cell balancing is a process that involves adjusting the cell voltages to same level i.e. where the battery cells are not over charged or over discharged. Also, its internal parameters are the reason for its unbalance like its time of manufacturing, internal resistance etc. It also depends on some of the external resources like thermal difference between battery cells. The process of battery balancing in lithium ion batteries is an easy process due to its property of charge-discharge capability. It also provides increased life span and the right voltage for its application. After understanding the concepts that were going to be used in my project I started performing research on the components that could be used for my system. It took lot of survey and suggestions were taken from seniors and lecturer about it. and later I finalized the following hardware components that suited best for the project. 2.7 1. Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries this battery was used due to its high-energy efficiency and has relatively longer battery cycle life which is an important feature for my system as the electric vehicle requires battery than can store more as well as can frequently recharge. Basically, there are two parameters that affect the overall performance of the battery. They are power and the battery diving range. 2. LTC3300-1/LTC6803-2 bidirectional cell balancer    for cell balancing and monitoring purpose I made use of two ICs that are functioning as bidirectional cell balancer. Active balancing principle is used by BMS. The two ICs are LTC3300-1, which can balance 6 cells whereas the LTC6803-2 microcontroller IC can support 12 cells when connected to each other in series connection. The function of LTC3300-1 is to equalize the SoC i.e. state of charge when the battery modules are connected in series manner. It can charge the battery stack faster and extent the runtime and enhancing the overall performance by cell balancing and charging. Moreover, this IC can balance 6 cells connected to each other in series when it functions as transformer based on bidirectional active balancing system that has synchronous fly back topology. Looking at the other IC i.e. LTC6803-2 is also a microcontroller IC that can support up-to 12 batteries connected in series connection. It uses different chemical ma terial than the other IC for monitoring the batteries. It gives more accurate results and low error rate, as low as 0.25% of total. It generally operates in three modes: measure, shutdown and standby. 3. DC590B USB serial controller it is a kind of controller that is specially designed using QuikEval software for display and demonstration of the results and for technologies involving linear family circuits. It is a controller that is based on USB. It is generally isolated or separate from the host computer. So therefore, no external or additional power supply is needed to drive the controller. 4. Power supply GPS18500 instrument is one of a kind device which is used in my system as for this project a DC power supply of +5V is required externally to drive the unit. This power supply has many different configurations that include variable voltage and fixed voltage. It has the feature of supplying 2 different power supply which can work and be used independently. In this device, a slot that gives out fixed supply of +5V DC is provided to the LTC3300-1 bidirectional PCB. 2.8 After having finalized the hardware components, they were implemented on the evaluation board. The diagram attached shows the circuit and hardware connection for this project. It can be observed that a DC2064A GUI evaluation board, 14 conductor ribbon cables, computer that has QuikEval software installed and USB/serial port cable along with DB590B USB series controller is been used and a power supply of +5V is supplied externally using the GPS18500 device discussed earlier. Various precaution and safety measure was considered while connecting all the different components to the evaluation board. This was done precisely and carefully as any wrong connection made, it can damage the whole circuitry and the cost of application will increase indirectly. The two ICs LTC3300-1 and LTC6803-2 are soldered or wired to the evaluation board DC2064A GUI along with the capacitors, MOSFET and transformers. The voltage level and the temperate can be monitored with this circuit board and has the capability to balance the cell voltage. This board also has a special feature of advance fault detector that helps to secure the performance of the board in case of any spark or short circuit. 3.7V and 2600mAH configured lithium ion battery is used in my system. Thus 6 batteries giving a output voltage of 22.8V when connected in series are used on the board as the board can withstand a maximum of 12 batteries for balancing. 2.9 After successful implementation of the hardware, testing and trouble shooting was performed. For that a QuikEval software was used to monitor the battery stack. To use the software, it had to be configured accordingly for both the microcontroller ICs that were used in the system. After proper implementation, the screen looked as below. From that it can be depicted that the when we press the button called START CONTINUES READ CELL, voltage level can be retained and measured from each battery connected in the battery stack. From performing the test run, I found the cell voltage for each cell was almost 3.7V. But if there is any minor change in the voltage level of any cell it can be equalized by transferring cell voltage manually for 5sec and charge the required cell by discharging other cells with high voltage to get an equilibrium stage. All the charging/discharging or any error situation status can be seen on the screen as that status will be highlighted. 2.10 The struggle in implementing this project was getting the expected outcome. It different the actual outcome. It took many efforts, there were issues like the hardware didnt receive any signals from the software. The problem was solved by reconnecting few hardware wires. Also, it required changing the voltage level of the components by choosing higher level components. After the final configuration, the hardware received the signal and the voltage level of each cells were determined. The later challenge was the important task and the main idea of our project i.e. cell balancing by voltage levels. The output was taken and written down at each time for charging/discharging function and the experiment was carried out until the satisfied result was attained. There were times when I didnt get the desired result even after performing the experiment several times. During this phase, my faculty members and supervisors helped me a lot and gave me steps or hints on how I can solve the error. 2.11 SUMMARY To conclude, my project used 3.7V lithium ion battery that has 2600mAH of capacity for active cell balancing technique while making use of two microcontroller ICs configured on evaluation board. The transfer of charging from one cell to another is done using the six lithium ion batteries that are connected in series on the evaluation board. Along with that the software QuikEval was used to trace the output. The project has an open window in terms for expansion for future project work based on this system. This project can be used for self-controlling function to detect faulty or imbalance situation in the system along with capability for temperature measurement unit. Though I could only achieve partial results from my experiment as it varied from expected outcome. But this experiment helped me in many other ways. It taught me to handle complex circuits and outcomes, though I didnt partially achieve what I expected from this but it gave me the strength and knowledge on how to overcome such situations. It was a new learning experience by working in groups and team mates. It involved managing different views and coming to one conclusion before implementing the idea. Also, I had the opportunity to apply my previous engineering knowledge into this project.

Oscar Niemeyer Design Philosophy

Oscar Niemeyer Design Philosophy Being born as the son of Brazils Federal Prime Minister, Oscar Niemeyer was living in a Portuguese colonial style house with beautiful tropical setting: a wide carriageway, neatly lined with tropical trees, that curves along the broad seawall looking out to the dome of Pao de Acuacar guarding the bays mouth; lawn designed as formal gardens Niemeyer obsessed over the landscape of his motherland Brazil. No matter how different his house designs vary through time, the element of landscape is always strong and evident. This essay focused on Niemeyers house designs. Being an icon of modern architecture, Niemeyer pushed the limit of reinforced concrete and revealed the expressive charm of this artificial material. The contemporary architecture was monotony. Niemeyer wanted to challenge it. Niemeyer is well-known mainly because of his design for some of the most dominant governmental buildings in Brasilia, Brazil. As one of the early pioneers of modern architecture, Niemeyer opened up a unique approach to contemporary architecture using bold free-form curves in design. Some of his house projects were equally powerful in terms of his dramatic application of free-form. But other projects indicate more thoughts in Brazils colonial background and his own formal exploration throughout his career. Niemeyer did a series of house projects with a huge time span from 1936 until now. Among the dozens of house projects, there are extremely luxury houses he designed for wealthiest Brazilians, there area also some house he designed for middle-class friends and family. Niemeyer also designed four houses for himself. One house, Casa das Canoas, was his most published and well-known work. Four houses designed in year 1942, 1949, 1953 and 1960 had varies characters and different concepts. As Niemeyers other house design sometimes have to fulfill his clients requirements, his own house designs seems to be trademarks of his career, evolving through different phases. The first house he designed for himself is located on a sloping site in Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro. Graduated from National Fine Arts School in 1934, Niemeyer was deeply influenced by Le Corbusiers visit to Brazil in 1929. He joined Costas office in 1935, and from 1936-1942, he was working mainly on the Ministry of Education and health Building, on which, Le Corbusier was invited as project consultant. During this period, influence from the modern master was obvious and they got clearly reflected in Niemeyers first house. The three story house was zoned with clear rationality. The main living room and bedrooms are clearly separated from the service area. A set of scissors ramp is just identical as the one appeared in Le Corbusiers Villa Savoye in terms of its function as the only connection between different floors. The rectilinear upper floors sit on columns on the ground floor, with curvilinear walls direct the flow from entrance to garage and later towards the ramp. Horizontal openings on the facade give a clear indication of free elevation. However, the house is not a simple duplication of Le Corbusiers work. Niemeyer started to explore forms and material in the context of Rio, which is a humid tropical Brazilian city. A single direction slanted rooftop deals with the massive rain water during the monsoon season. A veranda on the second floor fully opens to the lake view. The material he used for the elevation is also unique. Different from his later larger public buildings which mainly deals with reinforced concrete, brick and wood was applied as elevation infill. On the top floor, the wall is composed with wood trims originally painted in blue. Wooden louvered panels were added to cover the veranda. Wood was also widely used as the material for interior finishes as well. The symbol of house as a machine, ramp, in Villa Savoye was no longer represented in cold metal frames and concrete finish. It was covered in wooden panels on the side and a wooden frame. On the ground floor, bushes were planted from the irregular sit e boundary towards the hose edge, defined by a hard pavement following the outline of the elevated second floor. In this project, although marks from Le Corbusier are clear through the use of free plan and clear zoning in a house project. Niemeyers awareness of context and site was already obvious. This prototype of dwelling on top of the landscape evolved and became one of the most frequently used prototypes in his later house designs. In 1949, Niemeyer designed another house in Mendes, RJ. The house was built and later demolished. The house has a very dominant feature which was the slanting screens shelter the porches for living room and bedrooms. Different from his first house for himself, this house was located on a flat piece of land with the trees surrounding it and a stream runs in front of it. The setting is purely natural, not urban. The difference in the context led to a very different design solution. The single floor house is organized in a rectilinear order with all the rooms facing the screen and indoor garden in between. Here, a hint can be found between his modernist approach and traditional colonial architecture. The old colonial porch was transformed into a screened indoor garden, blending the artificial indoor and purer nature outside. This became a prototype which the landscape and the artificial indoor environment was articulated on the same level through a buffer garden. In 1953, Niemeyer designed his most published house, Casa das Canoas. The design was open to the world and shocked the audience with its curvilinear roof. Just before the CIAM meet for the first time in Brazil in 1954, the house was finished. Niemeyer faced some of the most dominant figure in modern architecture with their critics on the house. Walter Gropius and Mies van de Rohe were both attracted to its beauty but pointed out the uniqueness of its geometry became he limit that it can not be multipliable. Faithful to his ideology of mixed ancestry and Antropofagist hybridization, Niemeyer proceeded to infect the classical pavilion with the organic, spontaneous architecture of the morros, mixing Western achievements in the field of domestic architecture with tropical exuberance and lessons from Brazils colonial past and popular present. Case das Canoas is one example of Niemeyers treatment of continuity between the interior and exterior. Curve and landscape became the media that he utilized to achieve it. With the irregular curvilinear roof lines, the nature surrounding the house became closer and farther, varies according to the geometry. A large piece of rock placed right at the edge of the glass wall, penetrating the transparent faà §ade and made it even less dominant. The warm wood finish of the interior partition wall conter-balance the rigidity brought by the steel frame of the glass faà §ade. The white ceiling and black floor becomes the frame of the this transition between na ture and artificial. The exploration of the form continued and became more vigorous when he designed an unbuilt house in Tel Aviv, Edmond de Rothschild House. This time with the desert becomes the setting, the free-form geometry was reverted from edge of the house to its inside. A free-form garden is enclosed by a rectilinear volume. Just at the time when Niemeyers free-form house design became a signature image. In 1960, he designed his house in Brasilia in a totally traditional colonial style. It creates a very strong contrast between the ideology of Brazils independence and its colonial historic roots. On the one hand, with the huge governmental projects, Niemeyer was creating the most powerful formal language, trying to declare to the world that Brasilia represents Brazils new future. On the other hand, he showed his respect very thoroughly to the colonial style, honest and modest. The houses feature a covered porch with red-tiled gable roof, whitewhased walls and regularly spaced windows. More houses will be discussed following the category of the four houses Niemeyer designed for himself. These houses includes: Edmundo Cavanelas House Allvorada Palace Carmen Baldo House Burton Tremaine House Weekend house for Juscelino Kubitschek Cavalcanti house Overlaid with the complexities of Brazils history and stratified society, these scenes evoke contradictions that Niemeyers designs have always balanced: natural shapes created by artificial technology, structural logic and ecstatic emotions, simple forms and complex purposes. Niemeyers house design showed his critical thinking and evolving career, just as strong as his public buildings. His public building may be restricted to their formal strength as a responsibility to speak for the nation. However, in his house design, there are clear trademarks of his weighing of traditional vernacular concept and modern formal exploration. Curves in Niemeyers house projects are more utilized as a mean to explore the relationship between nature and artificial, building and landscape, indoor and outdoor etc.

The Existence of Crime Culture Among Certain Social Groups Essay exampl

Albert Cohen’s thesis is that class based status frustration is the origin of subcultures. Crime culture existed in certain social groups and the individuals learned the value of the delinquent subculture through participation in gangs. Delinquent subcultures have values that are in opposition to those of the dominant culture. The strain is rooted by low economical conditions, poor parental relations, and low school standards, with no chance of succeeding in the future. The anti social structure of cities also affects the why a boy and or girl joins a gang. The formation of gangs in cities, and most recently in suburbs, is assisted by the same lack of community among parents. While almost half of high seniors used marijuana at least once, thirty-seven percent said they had used it in the past year, and twenty-three percent said they had used it in the previous month. Strain Theory, posits the disjuncture between socially and sub culturally sanctioned mean and goods as the cause of criminal behavior. Albert Cohen’s thesis is that class based status frustration is the origin of subcultures. Cohen's focus is on school based achievement status. The institution of the school symbolizes middle class values for honesty, courtesy, personality, responsibility, and the middle class measuring rod. It is this environment where competition takes place for status, approval, or respect. Strain is interpersonal, located at the level of group interaction. There are many problems facing today's society. One of the problems is the violent condition that surrounds the lives of children in America. We are awarded of the violence among our juveniles because we read, hear and see it. The newspapers, magazines, news media, and our neighborhoods testify the living proof of the chaos. What can we do to influence these kids to stay out off trouble? First of all, we have to realize this is a very serious problem. And it has to be stopped. The second step is to figure out what causes children to be violent and become juvenile delinquents. This negative attitude causes them to lead a life of delinquency and a life isolated from society's idealistic world. When we ask this question, many others come in mind. Do these problems begin in the family? Are parents good role models or are they condoning the violence? How can we prevent parents from destroying the minds and future o... ...ephan C., Understanding Criminal Justice. Boston: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1999. Lyman, Michael D. and Gary W. Potter, Drugs in Society: Causes, Concepts and Control. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing Company, 1998. Nisbet, Merton, Contemporary Social Problems. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1971. Regoli, Robert M. and John D. Hewitt, Delinquency in Society. 4th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2000. Schmalleger, Frank, Criminology Today: An Integrative Introduction. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1999. United States of America, National Drug and Safety League, Leading the Fight Against Gangs in the United States. GPO, 1996 ---. National Center for Juvenile Justice, Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1999 National Report. GPO, 1999. Dukes 17 ---. National Center for Juvenile Justice, 1998 National Youth Gang Survey. GPO, 1999. Void, George B., Thomas J. Bernand and Jeffery b. Snipes, Theoretical Criminology. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Williams, Frank P. and Marilyn D. McShane, Criminal Theory: Selected Classic Readings. 2nd ed. Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing Company, 1998.

Japanese Aristocrat :: essays research papers

In the play, “Julius Caesar';, by William Shakespeare, Brutus was portrayed as a man of high principles and virtue. He joins the conspirators with their plan to kill Caesar for the good of Rome. On the other hand Cassius is moved by jealousy. He wants to Caesar dead out of revenge of a man who does not like him. He is jealous of Caesar’s glory and power. Therefore Brutus is portrayed as the noblest Roman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brutus believes in his morals and ideals and they run his life to an extent. He is perhaps the only man in the story who is not moved by personal gain. “For let the gods so speed me, as I love the name of honor more than I fear death.'; Brutus acts with the conspirators only for what he considers the best interests of Rome. Brutus weighs every decision he makes according to his morals and standards. He believes that reason and logic rule the world in which people can be affected by sound reasoning. He is very honorable but he still is not prepared for the corruption in the world. He can’t believe that anyone would take action without reasoning the effects that could take place. Brutus can’t see motives that are less noble then is own, “Well, Brutus, though art noble; yet I see thy honorable mettle may be wrought from that it is disposed; therefore it is meet tat noble minds keep ever with their likes; for who so from that cannot be seduced? '; Brutus makes two very grave mistakes because of his high principles, he lets Antony live and worse yet he lets him speak at the funeral of Caesar. He doesn’t stir up the emotion that the people were looking for when Antony did. But even though Brutus joined the conspirators he felt so much remorse for what he had done that he had dreams of Caesar’s ghost coming to him. In the end he falls on his sword, which goes against most of his standards which says that men should take whatever fate is handed to them. However, in his last moments he had the satisfaction of knowing that he stood by his principles to the end and he died by them. However, completely opposite the nobleness of Brutus’ character is Cassius. He hates Caesar and is part of the conspiracy out of jealousy. Cassius was friends with Caesar as a child and now Caesar was powerful and popular, Cassius was jealous of this.

Comparative Analysis

Pony and Identify 3 things that have changed and 3 things that have not changed. In the five (5) State of the Nation Addresses (Jonas) delivered by President Benson S. Aquinas Ill before the Joint Session of the House of Representatives and the Senate from 2010-2014, there are several issues that are common or consistent with all Jonas. However, for purposes of highlighting the most obvious ones, we could enumerate it according to its prominent appearance in the SOON speeches.These are the following: 1. The issue on rice importation and ice sufficiency as part of the government's overall campaign on agricultural modernization and food production to make the country a rice exporting and rice self-sufficient nation. 2. The implementation of the APS or the Pantywaist Paying Filipino Program also known as the Conditional Cash Transfer Program intended to augment the financial capability of poor families to send their students to school. 3.The Armed Forces of the Philippines (APP) Moderni zation Program that will ensure the country's external security needs by providing war materials and military equipment hence upgrading and bolstering our country's military capability. In the aspect that highlights each Sonar's uniqueness and distinctiveness, it is worth noting that there are at least 3 items in each particular SOON that shows its differences with other SOON speeches delivered from 2010-2014.

Environmental Psychology Essay

Environmental psychology is the study of transactions between individuals and their physical settings (Gifford, 2007a). In these transactions, individuals change their environments, and their behavior and experiences are changed by their environments. It includes theory, research, and practice aimed at making the built environment more humane and improving human relations with the natural environment. Considering the enormous investment society makes in the physical environment (including buildings, parks, streets, the atmosphere, and water) and the huge cost of misusing nature and natural resources, environmental psychology is a key component of both human and environmental welfare. Environmental psychologists work at three levels of analysis: (a) fundamental psychological processes like perception of the environment, spatial cognition, and personality as they filter and structure human experience and behavior, (b) the management of social space: personal space, territoriality, crowding, and privacy, and the physical setting aspects of complex everyday behaviors, such as working, learning, living in a residence and community, and (c) human interactions with nature and the role of psychology in climate change (e.g., Gifford, 2008a). The history of environmental psychology has been reviewed elsewhere (see Bechtel & Churchman, 2002, Bell, Greene, Fisher, & Baum, 2001, and Gifford, 2007a). But, for perspective, we note that early 20th century psychologists studied the effect of noise (United States) and heat (England) on work performance, while scholars in Germany and Japan explored concepts and moral philosophy related to environmental psychology. By mid-century, environmental psychology was a clearly established discipline with work on topics such as sensory isolation, personal space, and building design. Journals devoted to the field were established; the most prominent of these are the Journal of Environmental Psychology and Environment and Behavior. The IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology, First Edition. Edited by Paul R. Martin, Fanny M. Cheung, Michael C. Knowles, Michael Kyrios, Lyn Littlefield, J. Bruce Overmier, and Josà © M. Prieto.  © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Published 2011 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. c18.indd 440 11/25/2010 8:54:04 PMMartin—IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology Se Environmental Psychology 441 While recognizing the value of theory and research, many environmental psychologists nevertheless prefer to apply knowledge. Instead of working in an research setting, many enter into consultancy or public service to make good use of research findings for developing policy or solving local problems. Some are geared to improving the built environment (e.g., Preiser, Vischer, & White, 1991), while others are dedicated to overcoming sustainability problems in the natural and global ecosystems (e.g., Gifford, 2007b; Nickerson, 2003). The Distinctiveness of Environmental Psychology Most psychologists examine the relations between environmental stimuli and human responses in one way or another. However, what sets environmental psychology apart is its commitment to research and practice that subscribe to these goals and principles: (a) Improve the built environment and stewardship of natural resources, (b) Study everyday settings (or close simulations of them), (c) Consider person and setting as a holistic entity, (d) Recognize that individuals actively cope with and shape environments; they do not passively respond to environmental forces, (e) Work in conjunction with other disciplines. Figure 18.1 broadly depicts the scope of environmental psychology.

Comparative Paper Play School and Hi-5 Essay

Despite all the modern excitements that Network 9’s Hi-5 presents, the traditional and ABC’s Play School offers more for early learners. These two children shows are compared in the features of form, purpose, audience and social context. Hi-5 is contemporary and fast paced reflecting the modern culture whereas Play School maintains a sense of simplicity and the traditional elements which still fulfil the 21st century child. The importance of Hi-5 is to entertain whereas Play School educates effectively. The purpose of the opening credits is to draw out the wanted moods of the audience. Apparently, each calming episode of Play School begins with its symbolic, cheerful tune introducing the familiar characters. The opening animation is set in softer tones which attract an open gender audience with characters inviting them to, â€Å"come inside.† This sets up a comforting atmosphere where the children feel valued and safe, allowing learning to take place. Through the opening credits, Play School displays traditional, simple values which emphasize and develop their main purpose of education. Hi-5 is very much concerned with image, consumerism and technology, and as seen in the opening credits, it immediately reinforces the main purpose of entertainment. The vibrant colours which are almost glowing and the coloured patterns, female titled the audience into a state of joy, somewhat reproducing the scene at a disco. The opening credits heavily feature their Hi-5 logo, which in turn is a devious form of product placement. Overall, both shows’ opening credits are shown in a uniquely way. Play School is presented in a calm and a peaceful playful way, whereas, Hi-5 is shown in an upbeat and over exaggerated enjoyable, fun way. Whereas Hi-5’s priority is to create excitement and sell the product through setting and music, Play School’s aim is to provide education in an enjoyable way and helping the children’s intell igence and development. Play School is filmed in a studio resembling a house, in a safe, comfortable and calming surrounding encouraging learning. The realistic setting is provided with familiar, recognizable features such as house lights and colourful curtains. Many aspects of learning are taught through well-known songs sung in the traditional, common style to the simple supplement of a piano. The natural lighting adds to this sense of reality, and a controlled colour frame creates a calm, familiar mood for the audience. Hi-5 too, is shot in a studio, however, it is filmed with the presence of a live audience emphasising a concert setting, reinforcing its main purpose of entertainment. The vibrant lights blink like a performance, and the setting is spare with no familiar objects. This reflects modern popular culture, celebrity obsession and playful fun. Yet, while unfamiliar, Hi-5 is still very exciting, inspiring the children’s imagination forcing them to use their imagination. This creates a happy atmosphere emphasising an exciting and energetic mood reinforcing the main purpose of entertainment. Therefore, both television shows have different and similar ways to engage the audience and their emotions. The structure of these two shows is controlled by the film techniques and technology. Hi-5 relies on flashing disco, coloured effects and cameras, whereas, Play School relies on a more naive approach. The constant, linear panning and minimal editing present in Play School reinforces the slow, calming mood. The viewer’s point of view is enhanced through the use of camera angles and a balanced full range of shots. This reinforces closeness and a connection between viewer and presenter. The minimal use of technology in Play School is non-threatening; everyday objects are used to make craft which breaks down social barriers and encourages imagination. The toys used are familiar and old-fashioned, encouraging a sense of tradition. Hi-5 however uses modern filming techniques with multiple cameras and fast, complex editing. The camera angles and differing points of view are unusual adding to the excitement and overexcited emotions. Combined into Hi-5 is animation, using props and graphics which appeal to a slightly older audience who live in a technological world. The props used, increase the party image preventing children from using their imagination. The main purpose is to entertain, whereas the purpose of Play School is to educate. So therefore, the features used in both programmes differ in order to meet the intended purposes. Through the use of soothing and calm tones, Play School enables their viewers to feel safe, while engaging them in learning. Through repetition, questions, instructions, alliteration and rhyme, the presenters repeat that learning is easy and fun. The combination of languages like in the simple song, â€Å"Bravo Bravisimo,† and the inclusion of sign language, Play School highlights social acceptance and multiculturalism creating a stronger bond between the viewer and th e presenters, reinforcing the purpose of education. The light, good humour is also combined to fulfil their secondary purpose of entertainment. Hi-5 uses the sophisticated and complex humour of jokes and parodies. Through giggling for instance, an exaggerated and happy tone is created as the presenters attempt to reflect a child’s intelligence. This is further reinforced through the regular use of everyday language creating an overly friendly environment, whereas, the exaggerated body language reinforces entertainment and excitement. Through developing forms, purposes, audiences and social context Hi-5 and Play School contrast hugely. It is clear that the purpose of Play School is to educate whereas entertainment is the main purpose of Hi-5. Through aiming the intended emotions at their audience, both these programs achieve their intended purpose and social context.

Production & Operations Management

Vidhya Shikshak Seva Mandal [pic] Government Registered INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY Government Recognized An ISO 9001: 2008 International B-School SUB: PRODUCTION & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Section –A Fill in the blanks 1. Production planning functions can be broadly identified as ______, _______ and _______. a) Estimating , routing , distribution b) Estimating, routing, scheduling c) Estimating, distribution, collection d) Distribution, collection, scheduling 2.For efficient process of order picking by personnel, communication plays a vital role in any Organization and the directives they need to have are ____, _____ and _______. a) Simple, clear and straight b) Straight, clear and easy c) Precise, timely and appropriate d) Accurate, timely and sufficient 3. The three major functions of any business organization are _______, _______ and ______. a) Coordinating, organizing, delegating b) Organizing, supervising, executing c) Controlling, manning, procur ing d) Operations, marketing, finance 4. Formulation of the strategy depends on the _________. ) Assessments of strengths, understanding of the weaknesses, the nature of external environment and the resilience of the internal environment. b) Understanding strategies, formulation of plans, utilization of resources, enabling opportunities c) Resilience of internal environment, resilience of external environment, understanding strategies, enabling opportunities d) Decision making abilities, strategizing the actions, preparation of master plan, resource planning 5. Match the following: P) Market analysis x) needs assessment Q) Competitive priorities y) design analysisR) Product design z) cost quality Which of the following is correct? a) P-X, Q-Y, R-Z b) P-X, Q-Z, R-Y c) P-Y, Q-Z, R-X d) P-Z, Q-Y, R-X 6. All operation systems are based on criteria of _____, ______ and _____. a) Output of product, specification of product and flow pattern b) Input of product, characteristics of product a nd prices c) Quality of services, operations and input of product d) decision making ability, input of product and output of product 7. Consider the following statements: P) Evaluation is done for the processes and quality assurance measures.Q) Sometimes suppliers are given total responsibility for design, procurement of materials, processing, Quality and deliveries as per schedules. Which of the following is correct? a) Both are true b) Both are false c) True and false respectively d) False and true respectively. 8. The method used mainly where transportation costs either for distribution of products or collection Of materials from different suppliers is the main criterion. a) Centre of gravity method b) Break even analysis c) Point rating method d) Factor rating method 9. PDCA stands for ________. a) Prepare, Develop, Control, Act ) Plan, Develop, Coordinate, Analyze c) Product, Development, Cost, Analyze d) Plan, Do, Check, Ac 10. Success of JIT depends upon a lot of ________ and _______. a) Preparation and committed implementation b) Teamwork and technology c) Cooperation and effort d) Information technology and planning 11. Write short notes on the following : (I) CPM Vs. pert technique (II) Total slack (III) Advantages of matrix organization (IV) Commission of projects 12. a. How would operations strategy for a service industry be different if any from that for a manufacturing industry? (It’s an example & explains) . What are the levels of aggregation in forecasting for a manufacturing organization? How should this hierarchy of forecasts be linked and used? 13. How would forecasting be useful for operations in a BPO (Business processes outsourcing) unit? What factors may be important for this industry? Discuss. 14. A good work study should be followed by good supervision for getting good results. Explain with an example. 15. What is job evaluation? Can it be alternatively used as job ranking? How does one ensure that job evaluation evaluates the j ob and not the man? Explain with examples? 6. What is the impact of technology on jobs? What are the similarities between job enlargement & job rotation? Discuss the importance of training in the content of job redesign? Explain with examples? 17. What is internet connectivity? How is it important in to days business would with respect to materials requirement planning & purchasing? Explain with examples? 18. Would a project management organization be different from an organization for regular manufacturing in what ways? Examples. 19. How project evaluation different from project appraisal? Explain with examples.

Aristotle on the Soul Essay

Aristotle’s notion differs from the usual conception of a soul as some sort of substance occupying the body, existing separately and eternally. To him, the soul is the essence of a living thing. The soul is what makes an organism an organism at all by actualizing its potential for life, and it’s constituted by its capacity for activities essential to that specific type of being. His investigation into the nature of the soul demonstrates basic principles of his philosophical theories at work, including Hylomorphism, potentiality and actuality, and his four causes. His use of these theories in analyzing and teasing out the complexities of the soul make for a cohesive and comprehensive study, easily amenable with his other works. In this paper I will analyze his notion of the soul as described in De Anima, recounting how he came to define the soul, the explanation of the soul, how the souls of different kinds of ensouled beings differ, and his unique concept of how the soul is related to the body. Aristotle begins Book 1 of De Anima by stating that since the soul is a principle of animals, and here I will interpret animals to mean more broadly beings, describing its essence has implications beyond its obvious scope. In unfolding the nature of the soul, it is possible to determine which attributes belong to the soul alone and which belong to the organism in virtue of having a soul (Aristotle, De Anima 402a). So besides exploring the nature of life, his analysis will also seek to answer the question of whether all mental states (of the soul) are also material states of the body, or whether some attributes of the soul are unique to it. In doing so, we are confronted with the interesting implication of Aristotle’s position on the mind/body problem, to which I will get to later on. Returning to the question at hand (what is the soul? ), Aristotle starts his investigation by use of his explanatory theory of Hylomorphism, which states that substances are compounds of matter and form, and change occurs when form actualizes matter (Shields). There are three sorts of substances; form, matter, and the compound of form and matter. Matter is potentiality and form is actuality. Form actualizes matter, which possesses the potential to be what it is. So using Aristotle’s example of a bronze statue, the matter, in this case the bronze, only actualizes it’s potential of being a statue when it acquires the form, or the shape and features. Of interest is the third kind of substance, compounds, which make up living beings. The body is the substance as matter, so the soul is the substance as form or shape. Here we get to Aristotle’s preliminary definition of the soul as the actuality of a natural body having life potentially (Aristotle, De Anima 412). It is in virtue of this form, the soul, that makes an organism alive. Without the soul, the body would only have the capacity for life potentially, and so the soul is the essence (the form) of living things. This preliminary definition is taken a step further when Aristotle identifies the soul as the â€Å"first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive† (Aristotle, De Anima 412a). He claims that the actuality that is the soul is like the actuality that is knowledge, in that we speak of it in two ways. We can distinguish between a state of knowing x and a state of attending to the knowledge of x, where the latter is more of an active process. The passive of state of knowing x is the first actuality, first because it must necessarily come prior to attending or remembering that knowledge i. e. potential precedes actual. Similarly, the soul of a sleeping person is like the passive state, the first actuality, while the soul of an awake person is like the active state. The soul must be the first actuality, for if not we would be forced to say a sleeping animal lacks a soul, a conclusion we do not want to make (Aristotle, De Anima 412a-412b). First actuality seems to correspond to a capacity to engage in the activity of the second actuality, and in this way is a kind of potential to exercise some function, like the ability to engage in thought. Aristotle makes this clear when he states that, â€Å"If the eye, for instance, were an animal, sight would be its soul† (Aristotle, De Anima 412b). Sight is the capacity of the eye for seeing, where sight is the form and the eye is the matter. The first actuality is the capacity for seeing, and the second actuality is seeing, actively exercising the potential ability. So it seems that beyond defining the soul as the ‘first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive’, we can say the soul is a set of capacities that characterize living things. These characteristic capacities are different in different beings, and we will see that it is by these that Aristotle creates his hierarchy of ensouled beings or the degrees of souls. I will return to this distinction later in this paper, when describing how the souls of different ensouled beings differ. At this point we have a definition of the soul, but as Aristotle stresses throughout his various works, we must determine the cause or explanation in order to truly grasp the essence, and therefore get at complete picture of his view of the soul. The definition just given explains the what, but a full account must explain the why. He states in the Physics, â€Å"for our inquiry aims at knowledge; and we think we know something only when we find the reason why it is so, i. . , when we find its primary cause† (Aristotle, Physics 194b). His criteria for an adequate definition, one that is sufficient for knowledge, rest on his theory of causation and explanation. The four causes include the material cause, formal cause, efficient cause, and final cause. Material cause is what something is made of, the formal cause is the form or pattern of which a thing is what it is, the efficient cause refers to the agent of change or rest, and the final cause is the intended purpose of the change or the reason why a thing is done (Shields). We must, therefore, determine why the soul is what it is in virtue of these four general causes. The soul is the principle and the cause of the living body, for it is in virtue of the soul that the body is alive, and thus it plays an explanatory role. It is the cause of the living body in three of the four ways, as â€Å"the source of motion, as what something is for, and as the substance of ensouled bodies†(Aristotle, De Anima 415), corresponding to the efficient cause, the final cause, and the formal cause respectively. It is the source of motion in that it causes growth and decay in the organism. The soul is also the cause of the living body by being the final cause, as the body is merely an organ for the sake of the soul, aimed at the soul. And finally, the soul is the formal cause of the living body for it causes life by being the form and actuality of what is potentially. The body makes up the fourth cause, the material cause, by being the matter that makes up a living organism (Aristotle, De Anima 415). I will use Aristotle’s example of the nature of a house as described in Book One, when he is discussing the importance of form, in order to better illustrate the necessity for analysis of a concept under his theory of causation and explanation. To merely define a house as stones, bricks, and timbers, is not to capture its full essence. A house is stones, bricks, and timbers (material cause), built into an enclosed structure (formal cause), fashioned together by a carpenter (efficient cause), in order to provide shelter from the elements (final cause). We can describe the what, but without further details about the explanation, we don’t really know the nature of a house. Similarly the soul is why, it gives the explanation for, the life activities of a living body. At this point Aristotle’s notion of the soul is quite clear; it is the first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive, it is a set of capacities for life-giving and defining activities of organisms, and it is the form, the source of motion, and the means (it directs) to the end of the living body. Souls of different living beings are differentiated by their capacities to engage in the activities characteristic of that type of organism, which comprise their livelihood and survival. It is these differentiating faculties that make up the soul. Among these faculties are the nutritive and reproductive, perceptive, locomotive, and the capacity for thought and understanding. Aristotle claims, â€Å"the soul is the principle of the potentialities we have mentioned—for nutrition, perception, understanding, and motion—and is defined by them† (Aristotle, De Anima 413). There are three types of souls, arranged in a nested hierarchy, so the possession of a higher soul entails possession of all that are below it. The lowest, or most basic, in this hierarchy is the nutritive soul. All living things possess the capacity for self-nourishment, for without this they would not live. Next is the sensitive soul, which is possessed only by animals. The highest type of soul is the rational soul, belonging only to humans. These three souls are differentiated by their function, corresponding to the ensouled being in possession of the soul with the power to exercise that function. While the animal soul possesses the nutritive and the sensitive, and the human soul the rational as well, each has but one unified soul with a various sets of capacities (Shields). The nutritive soul is the potentiality held by all living things to preserve it and equip it for life. The function of this soul is the use of nourishment and generation, or reproduction. Generation is the most natural function, as it is a means for a living being to participate in the future (the â€Å"everlasting and divine†) by producing something else of its own sort. The use of nourishment allows the being to preserve itself, only existing while it is nourished. Nourishment allows an organism to grow as well as decay, according to its form. Since all living things possess the nutritive soul, all living things have the capacity for self-nourishment, growth, decay, and for reproduction. Further, since all nourishment involves digestion, and digestion involves heat, all beings contain heat (Aristotle, De Anima 415-416). The sensitive, or perceptive soul, distinguishes plants from animals. Perception is a type of alteration, in that a suitable sense-organ in perception is affected or changed by an external object. The external object acts as the agent, possessing the qualities in actuality that the sense-organ possesses potentially. Aristotle describes that it is through an intermediate condition, such as air, that sense organs receive the forms or qualities of the objects of perception, not the matter, when involuntarily acted upon by the external object. Thus, the sensitive soul has the capacity to receive sensible forms, resulting in perception. The sense-organs become like the agent after being affected, or receiving the qualities (Shields). Again, we can see Aristotle returning to his theory of Hylomorphism in describing perception as the change in the sense-organ as a result of the acquisition of form. The potential of the sense-organ is made actual in virtue of the external object which possesses the form in actuality. Aristotle states that every animal has the sense of touch, but not all possess the sense of sight, hearing, taste and smell. Animals are further distinguished along these lines; while each possesses a nutritive and a sensitive soul, there are various degrees of complexity of the latter soul corresponding to the activities of the animal. Aristotle continues further that the possession of the perceptive soul implies that the animal has the capacity to desire, and desiring includes appetite, emotion, and wish. He also determines possession of this soul entails the ability to feel pleasure and pain and it is in virtue of this soul that some animals possess the power of locomotion (Aristotle, De Anima 413-415). The rational soul, perhaps the most difficult section to interpret of De Anima, is essential and indicative of humans alone. It is in virtue of the rational soul, the intellect, that we come to know and understand things. The intellect is the seat of thought and thus reason. Thinking is similar to perception, as it involves the reception of form by a suitable capacity. However, while the object of perception is external and is the composite of form and matter, the object of thought is within the soul and is form alone (Shields). While hard to follow, I believe the objects of thought are the forms of forms; they get their intelligible forms in virtue of the sensible forms sensed in perception. Aristotle discusses the concept of â€Å"appearances†, which are different from perceptions and beliefs, for appearances exist while we sleep, with no external stimuli actualizing the ‘sensation’, and beliefs involve conviction, while appearances do not. Appearances are images resembling objects of perception (Aristotle, De Anima 428). It is helpful to think of appearances as the representation of reality we see in imagination. I believe Aristotle is claiming that it is these appearances that are the objects of thought. In intellection, the mind is made to be like the object of thought through reception of its intelligible form. The intellect is pure potentiality, it potentially has all of these objects of thought, and only in thought do these intelligible forms become actualized in the mind (Shields). As Aristotle’s philosophical worldview rests on a Hylomorphic principle, it is difficult to see how the alteration, bringing the intellect from potentiality to actuality in thought, comes about. In perception, this is in virtue of an external object that acts as an agent for change in the sense-organ. But what is the agent of change in intellection? Aristotle divides the intellect into the active and passive intellects. The active intellect acts as the agent of change; when the mind thinks the active intellect actualizes the intelligible forms in the passive intellect. The passive intellect stores the concepts of knowledge and intelligible forms in potentiality, to be recalled by the active intellect during thought. This means however, that the actual must precede the potential, contrary to what was discussed above. The nature of the active intellect is its activity, so it must be unremittingly active in order to cause the passive intellect to act and us to have thoughts and reason. If it is continuously active, this part of the rational soul must be eternal and thus stands in stark contrast with the rest of the souls Aristotle posits, but this controversial point is something I will not take up in this paper (Shields).

Write about ocean resource economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Write about ocean resource economic - Essay Example There are many types of fish found in the ocean thus making the ocean a source of food to a huge number of people. Fishing industry has extensively grown due to a lot of competition. However, individuals engage in fishing as a way of getting their food and others do fishing as a source of their revenue. For those people who engage in fishing for food are just do it for consumption purposes. However, for those people who engage in fishing activities for commercial purposes are industrial fisheries. Therefore in connection with the problem of unemployment is partially solved through the act of fishing. There are both skilled and unskilled persons employed in the fish industries that arise from the existence of the oceans. Therefore, fishing is a factor that leads to decrease in unemployment levels ((Acheson 1975). As a means of transport, oceans are a medium of transport by the use of boats and ships. This marine industry is a source of employment to a big number of people. Some people are self-employed while others get work in the harbors and others in the ships. Therefore, marine transport helps in reducing the levels of unemployment since quit e a big number of people get employed in the marine transport related sectors. Also, for the business persons involved in the business, they increase the level of tax income in a country and this revenue if used in carrying out a profitable project, and then other people get employed. Hence, marine transportation reduces unemployment both directly and indirectly. The ocean is a site for recreational activities for people during their leisure time. It has led to the coming up of the tourism industry. Many hotels have come up along the beaches of the oceans. Many people love having fun in different countries that have beautiful sites along the beach and a favorable weather condition. This is a source of employment for many persons either directly

Company's interest regarding private equity buyouts Dissertation

Company's interest regarding private equity buyouts - Dissertation Example In just one generation the private equity industry has grew to become a dynamo for growth, innovation and enterprise (Kolade. W, 2008). Britain is a world leader in this sector with one of the largest private equity markets globally, second only to the US. There are over 450 active UK firms, which provide several billion pounds each year to unquoted companies. Despite private equity now being a recognised asset class, the rapid growth in market has provoked debate about private equity and its intensions. Private equity firms have been taking over some of the UK's most notorious names, many making phenomenal improvements to these companies, but there has still been criticism of their vilifying greed and heartless nature to others. Some have characterised these private equity firms as the ‘Gluttons at Gate’. Supporters of private equity, including the government, praise its ability to create jobs quickly and contribute to the economy (BBC, 2007). Private equity groups claim they are improving the performance of UK companies by giving them stronger management and market discipline. They also claim that private equity investors generate superior returns for their shareholders; that private equity is clean and simple, not cluttered by all the governance bureaucracy of the publicly quoted sector (superior doc). Conversely others would disagree, most notably employees at companies which have been bought by private equity groups only to see hundreds of job cuts being made. ... It’s questioned whether the private equity boom will provide good long-term investment results or whether we are seeing the inflation of yet another financial bubble, with the destruction of viable companies as a damaging by-product (Demaria, 2010). But perhaps the most controversial argument may be taxation implications. PE companies have been accused of using loopholes to pay too little tax, with the rate sometimes as low as 10% (BBC, 2007). Private equity executives pay taxes on their basic pay and bonuses, but a large part of their income comes from carried interest - the carry - which is the 20% slice of profits they can claim once they have paid back their investors. This money is classed as a capital gain and thanks to taper relief, it is only subject to a tax level of 10%. Critics say it should be charged at a normal tax rate. It is an emotive subject, with one private equity boss saying that some of the richest men in Britain were paying tax at a lower level than the cleaners who tidied their offices (BBC, 2007). Perhaps if the UK changes its tax regime, private equity investors will just move overseas. Ethical issues During this research, my main focus will be pay attention to the ethical issues. No data collected through any means will be used in any undesirable or negative way. Any information collected will be used only for the purpose at hand. Talking about the financial buy outs, ethical considerations must be given their due importance in that case too. Financial statements of any and every company should be made public as per the law and the information offered must be authentic. Blackstone Group is the former owner of Southern Cross as it bought the company in 2004 and left it 2006. Initially, Southern